Product:
Microsoft Windows
Issue:
Sometimes it is hard to explain a word over the phone – then you can use the phonetic alphabet to help out.
Solution:
Category: Microsoft
How see database size in Azure SQL?
Product:
Microsoft Azure SQL
Issue:
How list size of database?
Solution:
Login to SSMS, go to your database and enter command:
EXEC sp_spaceused;
Not all commands are allowed in Azure SQL, as it is a PAAS solution. See here for diffrences:
https://www.codeguru.com/csharp/the-difference-between-sql-server-and-sql-azure/
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql/database/features-comparison?view=azuresql
Permissions comparison between on-premises SQL Server and Azure SQL Database
The version of Azure SQL is the latest, and is upgraded automatic, you need to manually upgrade your databases in Azure SQL. Check the version of your database with command:
SELECT name, compatibility_level FROM sys.databases;
Azure SQL Database Compatibility with SQL Server
The version of the SQL Server database engine run by Azure SQL Database, Azure SQL Managed Instance and Azure Synapse Analytics is always ahead of the on-premises version of SQL Server, and includes the latest security fixes. This means that the patch level is always on par with or ahead of the on-premises version of SQL Server, and that the latest features available in SQL Server are available in these services.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Azure_SQL_Database
More Information:
https://database.guide/6-ways-to-check-the-size-of-a-database-in-sql-server-using-t-sql/
Keyword or statement option ‘default_database’ is not supported in this version of SQL Server.
Product:
Microsoft Azure SQL
Issue:
Can not change default database for a SQL user in Azure SQL. User can not login to database, if it is not possible to select database in the login dialog ( like SSMS). You get this error when you try to change the default database for a SQL Azure user. If you create a SQL user that only resize in a single database, he can only login to that database. With Azure Data Studio can you select the database name during login dialog.
Solution:
Add the user to the master database too, with command:
create user pbi_reader for login pbi_reader
Before that, you may have run below command to created the login:
create login pbi_reader with password = 'Password!'
Switch to the user database, enter below code to create a user there:
create user pbi_reader for login pbi_reader grant select on schema::DM to pbi_reader
Above command will give the SQL user pbi_reader access to the tables that have schema DM.
Azure SQL does not support the DEFAULT_DATABASE, DEFAULT_LANGUAGE, CHECK_EXPIRATION, CHECK_POLICY commands.
If you are db_owner in the SQL Azure database, you can add a Azure AD account to have access, by using a command like this:
CREATE USER [donald.duck@domain.com] FROM EXTERNAL PROVIDER WITH DEFAULT_SCHEMA = DM;
To add a user as db_datareader to a specific database, use this command:
EXEC sp_addrolemember 'db_datareader', 'pbi_reader'
To list users in database, use this command:
SELECT * FROM SYS.DATABASE_PRINCIPALS
To be able to connect from Power BI to Azure SQL, you need to open the firewall in the database.
https://www.mssqltips.com/sqlservertip/5953/create-power-bi-connection-to-azure-sql-database/
https://hevodata.com/learn/azure-to-power-bi/
Power BI in the cloud, uses a span of ip address that change every week, if your database in the cloud or on-prem need to whitelist ip addresses in the firewall to gain access, it is best to eiter try to use a URL/DOMAIN in the firewall to allow PowerBI in the cloud to have access. You can create a support ticket with Microsoft Azure team and get a list of IP addresses that is used by Power BI.
For a on-prem database, the best solution is to install Azure gateway on-prem, then this box will keep the connection between on-prem and the azure based power bi service. And your on-prem databases will talk to the on-prem azure gateway.
The on-premises data gateway acts as a bridge. It provides quick and secure data transfer between on-premises data, which is data that isn’t in the cloud, and several Microsoft cloud services.
For Azure SQL in the cloud, it can be simpler to allow all cloud based services access, by inside https://portal.azure.com go to your SQL server page, then to network, and mark Allow Azure services and resources to access this workspace to be enabled. This could make it possible for Power BI in the cloud to access your Azure SQL database.
You may also be able to set Azure SQL firewall with command like this (in SSMS):
exec sp_set_firewall_rule N'Allow DB Connections', '10.0.0.2', '10.0.0.2';
More information:
https://www.mssqltips.com/sqlservertip/5953/create-power-bi-connection-to-azure-sql-database/
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=56519
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/power-bi/admin/power-bi-allow-list-urls
https://radacad.com/the-power-bi-gateway-all-you-need-to-know
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/analysis-services/analysis-services-gateway
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/data-integration/gateway/service-gateway-onprem
https://chartio.com/learn/databases/grant-sql-server-table-permissions/
https://www.guru99.com/sql-server-create-user.html
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/azure-data-studio/quickstart-sql-server?view=sql-server-ver16
https://devblogs.microsoft.com/premier-developer/secure-access-to-azure-sql-servers-for-power-bi/
How create a SQL user in Azure SQL
Product:
Microsoft SQL Azure
Issue:
How create a user in SQL Azure, as you do not have a GUI to use in SSMS.
Solution:
Connect to Azure SQL with SSMS as administrator.
Connect to your user database, and enter below SQL statement to create user Roger and give it datareader rights:
CREATE User Roger WITH PASSWORD = 'Password!' ALTER ROLE db_datareader ADD member Roger
This user only exist in the database selected.
To create a user that will need access to more than one database, select the master database and enter below SQL:
CREATE Login Roger WITH PASSWORD = 'Password!' CREATE USER Roger FOR LOGIN Roger
(You need to create the user in master database to, so he can login when master is default database)
Then switch to your user database and enter this SQL statement:
CREATE USER Roger FOR LOGIN Roger ALTER ROLE db_datareader ADD member Roger
Best is to use a AD group instead, and set that SQL login to have the needed rights in the database.
More Information:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/55230724/set-default-database-to-user-sql-server-azure
— =======================================================================================
— Create User as DBO template for Azure SQL Database and Azure Synapse Analytics Database
— =======================================================================================
— For login login_name, create a user in the database
CREATE USER <user_name, sysname, user_name>
FOR LOGIN <login_name, sysname, login_name>
WITH DEFAULT_SCHEMA = <default_schema, sysname, dbo>
GO
— =======================================================================================
— Create Azure Active Directory User for Azure SQL Database and Azure Synapse Analytics Database
— =======================================================================================
— For login <login_name, sysname, login_name>, create a user in the database
— CREATE USER <Azure_Active_Directory_Principal_User, sysname, user_name>
— [ { FOR | FROM } LOGIN <Azure_Active_Directory_Principal_Login, sysname, login_name> ]
— | FROM EXTERNAL PROVIDER
— [ WITH DEFAULT_SCHEMA = <default_schema, sysname, dbo> ]
— GO
— Add user to the database owner role
EXEC sp_addrolemember N’db_owner’, N'<user_name, sysname, user_name>’
GO
How allow ping to a Windows Server
Product:
Microsoft Windows 2019 Server
Issue:
I can not ping the server to check if the IP address or server DNS name is correct. How open ping in Windows Firewall?
Solution:
Windows Firewall
- Search for Windows Firewall , and click to open it.
- Click Advanced Settings on the left.
- From the left pane of the resulting window, click Inbound Rules.
- In the right pane, find the rules titled File and Printer Sharing (Echo Request – ICMPv4-In).
- Right-click each rule and choose Enable Rule.
To allow TM1 architect access the TM1 server, the windows firewall need to open this ports:
5495,5498,5895,5898,12300-12400
Then you need to update the tm1s.cfg file for each TM1 instance to use above port range:
PortNumber=12345
HTTPPortNumber=12354
ClientMessagePortNumber=
By default, ClientMessagePortNumber port number is automatically and dynamically assigned when the TM1 server starts. You do not have to set ClientMessagePortNumber to a specific number unless firewalls or other network issues require the listener port to be a well-known number.
Note: Be sure to assign unique port numbers for the server and client message ports. If you have two servers running on the same machine with the same port number, the message activity may cause a system failure.
EnableTIDebugging=T
Setting the parameter to T (true) allows you to use any of the TurboIntegrator process debugging capabilities of the TM1 REST API.
More Information:
How add compare to Notepad++
Product:
Notepad++
Microsoft Windows 2019
Issue:
How do i add compare function to Notepad++?
Solution:
Start Notepad++
Go to plugin menu and select Plugin Admin.
Enter Compare to search for the plug in. Mark Compare in the list and click on install icon.
Click Yes, and Notepad++ will restart after it have downloaded from internet the compare files and put them in folder C:\Program Files\Notepad++\plugins\ComparePlugin
If the server does not have access to internet, copy above 3 files from a working installation, and add them to the plugins folder of your Notepad++ installation.
ComparePlugin.dll
\ComparePlugin\sqlite3.dll
\ComparePlugin\git2.dll
Then you can in Notepad++ use Plugins – Compare – Compare, to get a quick listing of the different rows between the two latest (on the right) open files.
If you use TM1, you can add support for TM1 syntax with download of a tm1.zip file , and unzip it and place the tm1.xml in folder C:\temp. Then from inside Notepad++ go to Languages – User Defined Language -Define your language.
https://npp-user-manual.org/docs/user-defined-language-system/
In the dialog, click import, and select the above tm1.xml file. Then restart Notepad++.
You should now have a new selection TM1 at the bottom of the languages menu.
You can create yourself what words should highlight or be suggested in the User Defined Language dialog.
More information:
https://www.wimgielis.com/tm1_tm1andnotepad++_EN.htm
https://www.tm1forum.com/viewtopic.php?t=15927
https://www.tm1forum.com/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=7540
Copy only folders
Product:
Microsoft Windows 2019
Issue:
How copy only a folder structure and not the files therein?
Solution:
Use robocopy:
robocopy "source" "destination" /e /xf *
Above will copy folder structure from source to destination folder, without the security.
| /E | copy subdirectories, including Empty ones. |
| /XF file [file]… | eXclude Files matching given names/paths/wildcards. |
Add /SEC and the security for the file is also copied.
| /SEC | Copy files with SECurity (equivalent to /COPY:DATS). | Useful if you just want to copy over security changes. |
More Information:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/robocopy
https://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/contents/articles/1073.robocopy-and-a-few-examples.aspx
https://www.pdq.com/blog/hitchhikers-guide-to-robocopy/
https://plataformaremota.wordpress.com/support/use-robocopy-to-migrate-windows-shares/
How add user who run SP to a table
Product:
Microsoft SQL server 2019
Issue:
How create a store procedure, than when run will add username and date to a row?
Suggested solution:
Paste below code in SQL management studio and edit it to your needs:
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[A_AddDataToTable] AS BEGIN ---- create the variables DECLARE @TableName as nvarchar(50) DECLARE @SqlCode as nvarchar(200) DECLARE @TimeValue as nvarchar(50) DECLARE @Userman as nvarchar(50) ---- enter the name of your table below instead of Donald SET @TableName = 'Table_'+'Donald' BEGIN ---- check if the table exist, then not create it IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_NAME = @TableName) ---- fill variable with the SQL code to create the table set @SqlCode='' set @SqlCode= @SqlCode + 'CREATE TABLE ' + @TableName + ' ' set @SqlCode= @SqlCode + ' (Rowid int IDENTITY(1000, 1) PRIMARY KEY, ' set @SqlCode= @SqlCode + ' ProUser nvarchar(50) , ' set @SqlCode= @SqlCode + ' ProDate nvarchar(50) ) ;' ---- execute the code in the string EXEC sp_executesql @SqlCode END ---- every time the processes is run, do below ---- add a row with date and username ---- get the values for date SELECT @TimeValue = convert(varchar, getdate(), 0) ---- get the name of the user who run the process SELECT @Userman = CURRENT_USER ---- build the string of values set @SqlCode='' set @SqlCode= @SqlCode + 'INSERT INTO '+ QUOTENAME(@TableName) +' (ProUser,ProDate) ' set @SqlCode= @SqlCode + 'VALUES ( ''' + (@UserMan) + ''' , ''' + (@TimeValue) + ''' ) ' -- execute the code in the string EXEC sp_executesql @SqlCode END The result in the table will be like this, after a few run of the SP.
More Information:
https://www.sqlshack.com/introduction-to-sp_executesql-stored-procedure-with-examples/
https://codingsight.com/10-sp_executesql-gotchas-to-avoid-for-better-dynamic-sql/
List Index usage
Product:
Microsoft SQL server 2016
Problem:
How is my Index used?
Solution:
List the index in the database:
SELECT OBJECT_NAME(IX.OBJECT_ID) Table_Name ,IX.name AS Index_Name ,IX.type_desc Index_Type ,SUM(PS.[used_page_count]) * 8 IndexSizeKB ,IXUS.user_seeks AS NumOfSeeks ,IXUS.user_scans AS NumOfScans ,IXUS.user_lookups AS NumOfLookups ,IXUS.user_updates AS NumOfUpdates ,IXUS.last_user_seek AS LastSeek ,IXUS.last_user_scan AS LastScan ,IXUS.last_user_lookup AS LastLookup ,IXUS.last_user_update AS LastUpdate
Show if index are fragmented:
SELECT OBJECT_NAME(IDX.OBJECT_ID) AS Table_Name, IDX.name AS Index_Name, IDXPS.index_type_desc AS Index_Type, IDXPS.avg_fragmentation_in_percent Fragmentation_Percentage FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(DB_ID(), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL) IDXPS INNER JOIN sys.indexes IDX ON IDX.object_id = IDXPS.object_id AND IDX.index_id = IDXPS.index_id ORDER BY Fragmentation_Percentage DESC
List index usage:
SELECT * FROM sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats INNER JOIN sys.objects ON dm_db_index_usage_stats.OBJECT_ID = objects.OBJECT_ID INNER JOIN sys.indexes ON indexes.index_id = dm_db_index_usage_stats.index_id AND dm_db_index_usage_stats.OBJECT_ID = indexes.OBJECT_ID WHERE indexes.is_primary_key = 0 --This line excludes primary key constarint AND indexes. is_unique = 0 --This line excludes unique key constarint AND dm_db_index_usage_stats.user_updates <> 0 -- This line excludes indexes SQL Server hasn’t done any work with AND dm_db_index_usage_stats. user_lookups = 0 AND dm_db_index_usage_stats.user_seeks = 0 AND dm_db_index_usage_stats.user_scans = 0 ORDER BY dm_db_index_usage_stats.user_updates DESC
More Information:
Gathering SQL Server indexes statistics and usage information
https://codefibershq.com/blog/useful-sqlserver-queries-commands-and-snippets
What queries are running now?
Product:
Microsoft SQL server 2016
Issue:
What happens on the SQL server now?
Solution:
Run this query:
SELECT r.start_time [Start Time],session_ID [SPID], DB_NAME(database_id) [Database], SUBSTRING(t.text,(r.statement_start_offset/2)+1, CASE WHEN statement_end_offset=-1 OR statement_end_offset=0 THEN (DATALENGTH(t.Text)-r.statement_start_offset/2)+1 ELSE (r.statement_end_offset-r.statement_start_offset)/2+1 END) [Executing SQL], Status,command,wait_type,wait_time,wait_resource, last_wait_type FROM sys.dm_exec_requests r OUTER APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(sql_handle) t WHERE session_id != @@SPID -- don't show this query AND session_id > 50 -- don't show system queries ORDER BY r.start_time
or install and run sp_WhoIsActive from Adam Machanic (https://github.com/amachanic/sp_whoisactive/):
More Information:
https://www.sqlmatters.com/Articles/See%20what%20queries%20are%20currently%20running.aspx